linux commands
| command | what it does |
| awk ‘!/virus=””/’ > sometextfile | pipes notification of nasties to a text file called sometextfile | cat /proc/cpuinfo | shows what CPU is installed |
| cat /proc/meminfo | shows your memory stuff (or just type “free”) |
| cat /proc/version | shows what version of Linux you’re running |
| chmod -R 777 * | changes ownership of all the files below where you are to read-write-executable…not normally a super idea, 755 is slightly better, or 644 much better |
| cp -R ./* /some/other/place/ | copies recursively from where you are to /some/other/place/ folder you specify |
| cp -ur –reply=y /somefolder/* /home/whateverdir/ | copies updates only to someplace you specify |
| chown -R user.group ./* | changes ownership of user and group for all the files recursively from where you are, just pick your user and group |
| cut -b 42- photos.txt > photoscut.txt | cuts off the first 42 characters in the lines in photos.txt and puts the cropped data in photoscut.txt |
(pv -n /dev/sda | dd of=/dev/sdb bs=128M conv=notrunc,noerror) 2>&1 | dialog --gauge "Running dd command (cloning), please wait..." 10 70 0 |
copies the WHOLE drive of /dev/sda to /dev/sdb. Not just a partition, but a bit-for-bit thing. The rest of the command gives you a nifty progress bar, because dd takes a long time very often. Dd is really blunt instrument, if you don’t know what you’re doing you can easily lose ALL of your data, like if you pick the wrong drive or something. Use fdisk -l to tell what disks you have, and make triple sure you’re selecting the right one. You’ve been warned. |
| dd if=/dev/sdc of=/path/to/new.iso | turns a disk into an .iso, in this case /dev/sdc, but make sure you’re using the right drive |
| date -s time.nrc.ca | sets the date to internet time, or just tells you the date if you type “date” only |
| lsof -i | shows who’s connected, and to what |
| lsblk | shows what’s on your drive like: >: lsblk |
| date -s “11/20/2003 12:48:00” | |
| dd if=/dev/zero of=whateverfile bs=1000 count=0 | creates a 10G blank file called whateverfile |
| dig -x 17.254.3.183 | reverse DNS on 17.254.3.183 |
| du -hs * | lists the directories below where you are and shows how much space they take |
find / -type f -size +500000k -exec ls -lh {} \; |
finds large files and displays filesize of them |
rdate -s tick.greyware.com |
sets local hardware time to the standard time on the remote time server on greyware.com |
route add default gw 192.168.1.1 |
adds a default gateway when other things fail to do so, you’ll need one |
rsync -auv -e ssh username@192.168.1.1:* /localwhereverdirectory/ |
syncs all the files over encrypted protocol in the home directory of 192.168.1.1 to the current directory on the machine you type this on, but only newer instances if their is a same file in the source and destination directories. |
| screen | opens a new ‘virtual terminal’ so once you log out, it will keep whatever you’re doing in that terminal still open and running – very useful if you have a flaky Internet connection |
| screen -ls | lists screen sessions that might still be running, should give you something like: 8337.pts-1.machinename , which you then can re-attach to |
| screen -r 8337.pts-1.machinename | reattaches to and old screen session 8337.pts-1.machinename, but ONLY if it’s detached, if it’s still attached you have to use screen -X |
| screen -X 8337.pts-1.backup1 | reattaches to a screen session that still says ‘attached’ |
sed -i -e 's/192.168.0.1/192.168.0.2/g' ./db* |
replaces all the 192.168.0.1 instances in all the files in the current directory starting with db with 192.168.0.2 |
tar -cvzpf archive.tgz ./whateverfolder |
zips (.tgz) an entire folder (change to suit folder name) |
tar -xJvf file.pkg.tar.xz |
unzips a whatever.xz file |
tar -pczvf archive.tar.gz ./somefolder |
does same thing, but with tar.gz |
tar -xjvf whateverbz2zippedfile.bz2 |
unzips a whatever.bz2 file |
umount -l /dev/sda1 |
forces umount to unmount a filesystem when it says it’s busy, but isn’t (make sure first) |
watch -n .1 cat /proc/mdstat |
keeps track of a file in realtime, sort of like tail -f |
Write a comment
You need to login to post comments!